Quality Control — What Happens Between the Kiln and the Container

A tile can pass every laboratory test and still ruin a floor, if the sorting is careless. Both halves of quality control matter, and the second is the one buyers usually discover too late.

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What we test, and what the figure means

TestStandardWhat it tells you
Water absorptionISO 10545-3Whether the body is genuinely porcelain — must be under 0.5%
Breaking strengthISO 10545-4Load before fracture; over 1300 N for floors
Deep abrasionISO 10545-6Wear resistance of unglazed and full body tiles
Surface abrasion (PEI)ISO 10545-7Wear resistance of glazed surfaces, I to V
Dimensions and surfaceISO 10545-2Size, squareness, flatness and visual defects
Thermal shockISO 10545-9Survives rapid temperature change
Frost resistanceISO 10545-12Survives freeze-thaw cycling — required outdoors
Chemical resistanceISO 10545-13Resistance to cleaning agents and acids
Stain resistanceISO 10545-14Whether marks can be removed
Slip resistanceDIN 51130 (R rating)Wet grip — R9 to R13

Shade and calibre sorting, and why it decides projects

Tiles come out of a kiln with small variations in colour and in fired dimension. No manufacturer eliminates this; what separates a good factory from a poor one is how rigorously the output is sorted afterwards.

Every tile is graded into a shade batch and a calibre — its precise fired size — and both codes are printed on the carton. Tiles within one shade and calibre will lay as a uniform floor. Tiles from two different batches will not, and the difference is far more obvious on a finished floor than it is holding two tiles side by side in a warehouse.

For a single room this is a minor issue: buy all the cartons at once, check the codes match, done. For a project it is the whole ball game. A four-hundred-unit development tiled from three different batches will have buyers standing in two apartments asking why the floors do not match — and by then the only answers are an argument or a re-tile.

The way we handle this for project buyers is to produce the entire scheme quantity, including the attic stock, in one firing run, and hold it for release against the delivery programme. It requires knowing the total up front, which makes it a procurement decision as much as a manufacturing one.

Checks before a container is sealed

  • Visual inspection against the approved sample — the shade that was signed off is the shade that ships.
  • Shade and calibre verification — carton codes checked against the production batch across the whole consignment, not spot-checked.
  • Dimensional check — sampled from the run and measured for size, squareness and flatness.
  • Carton count and packing list reconciliation — against the invoice, so what arrives matches what was paid for.
  • Pallet condition and wrapping — the largest single cause of transit breakage is poor palletising, not rough handling.
  • Container loading plan — weight distributed and pallets braced so the load cannot shift at sea.

Frequently asked questions

Do you provide test certificates?

Yes. Technical data sheets covering water absorption, breaking strength, abrasion resistance, dimensional tolerance and slip rating accompany shipments, and are supplied in a form suitable for a specification file or building control submission.

What is the difference between shade and calibre?

Shade is the colour batch; calibre is the precise fired dimension. Both vary slightly between production runs and both are printed on the carton. Mixing shades gives a patchy floor; mixing calibres gives joints that visibly wander.

Can we inspect before shipment?

Yes. Buyers are welcome to inspect at the factory, and we also work routinely with third-party inspection agencies where a buyer or a market requires pre-shipment inspection.

What happens if a consignment arrives damaged?

Photograph the damage and the pallet condition before unwrapping, and send it to us with the container and pallet references. Transit breakage is normally covered by the marine insurance on a CIF shipment; we will support the claim with the loading documentation.

Ask for a technical data sheet

Tell us the range and we will send the full test data before you commit to an order.

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